Peters



(No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 1.

0. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

No. 345,525. Patented July 13, 1886.

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0. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

No. 345,525. I Patented July 13, 1886.

7 on, line 2-2 WITNESSES Attorney N. PETERS, Pholo-Lilhngnpher. wnmn wn0,6.

10 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

'' 0'. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR. No.. 345,525.

Patented July 13, 1886.

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(No ModeL) 0. MERGENTHALER.

MAGHINEFOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS'AND MATRIGES THEREFOR.

Patented July 13, 1886.

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- *SSES N. PETERS. PhflIn-Liliwgnpher, wishlngtm, DC:

10 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

0. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

No. 345,525. P55511555 July 13, 1886.

.IJVVEJVTO]? WITNESSES .Altzfo may N. FET Ens. Pholo-Lfllwgmphcr.Wnshinglon. n. cy

E III JJV'VEJVTOR 5 flttarne z f 10 Sheets-Sheet e.

Patented July 13, 1886.

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O.MERGENTHALER. MACHINE FOR PRODUOING TYPE BARS AND MATRIGES THEREFOR.

No. 345,525. Patented July 13, 1886 JJVVEJVTOR -N. PETERS, Plmkniilhogmhur. Wnxhmglnn. uc.

10 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No Model!) 5 0.. MERGENTHALER. MACHINE FOR- PRODUCING TYPE BARS ANDMATRICES THEREFOR.

Patented July 13, 1886 an Lzne f-J' WITNESSES (No Model.) 10 Sheets- 8m9. 0. MERGENTHALER.

, MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

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10Sheets-Sheet 10.

(No Model.)

0. MER G'ENTHALBR. MAGHINE FOR PRODUGING BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

Patented July 13, 1886.

1.7V VEJVTOR .dttorne i on Zane, IO- 10 n. PETERS. Phalo-Ulhizgmpiwn\Mnhinglvm. D c.

U ITED STATES PATENQE.

Li M M OTIMAR MERGENIHALER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THENATIONAL TYPOGBAPHIC COMPANY, OF WASHINGTON, D. C.

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE-BARS AND MATRICES THEREFOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 345,525, dated July 13,1886.

I Application filed April 1'1, 1885. Serial No. 162,714. (N model.)

bars are formed. In operating such machines,

whatever their form, it is found, as in typesetting by hand, impossibleto determine in advance the spacing required between words in order tohave the characters fill out the space allotted for the line, and thisnot only because of the varying width of the characters, but because ofthe necessity of following the accepted rules as to the division ofwords, &c.

It is the particular aim of this invention to 2 provide an automaticmechanism by which a proper and uniform spacing or justification may beinstantly effected after the designated characters are assembled inline.

To this end it consists in the peculiar .con-

3O struction and arrangement of mechanism herein described fordistributing, inserting properly between the aligned matrices, andsimultaneously operating a series of expansible space-bars which act toelongate or justify the 5 line to a predetermined limit. The space-barsconsist each of two wedge-like portions tapered in opposite directions.I do not claim, broadly, a space-bar consisting of two tapered members,nor the particular matters covered by application No. 181,57 6,

filed November 2, 1885.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention applied to themachine for easting type-bars set forth in Letters Patent of 15 theUnited States granted to me on the 3d day of March, 1885, No. 313,224,in which a series of parallel reciprocating bars, each provided in theedge with a series of intaglio characters, co-operate directly with amold,

closing its side insuch manner as to produce type on the edge of the barformed in the mold. It is to be understood, however, that theimprovement is also applicable to a machine having caineo characters onthe bars for producing stereotype-matrices, as represented 5 5 inLetters Patent of the United States, dated February 10, 1885, No.312,145, and generally to any and all machines in which dies, types,

or matrices representing letters, characters, or symbols are temporarilyassembled in line to 6c produce impressions in or characters upon anymaterial whatever.

A second part of myinvention,relating more particularly to machines inwhich the direct casting operation is performed, has reference 6 5 to adevice for confining the parts or sections of the mold during thecasting operation, and subsequently releasing them that the mold may beopened for the discharge of the casting.

A third feature of the invention relating to the same class of machinesconsists in peculiar devices to assemble the printing-bars or type-barsautomatically in regular order as they are delivered from the machine. 7

In the drawings I have represented a machine the principal parts ofwhich are identical or substantially identical with those described inLetters Patent of the United States No. 313,224., before alluded to, towhich patent reference may be had for a detailed description of thoseparts not described herein.

In order that the details of the mechanism may be more readilyunderstood, I have represented in the drawings, and will first describe,diagrams illustrating in a general way the relative arrangements of thematrix-bars and space-bars, and the manner in which the latter areadjusted and inserted between the former.

Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the diagrams above referred to. Fig. 5 is aside elevation of the main portions of the machine, the parts beingrepresented in vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 7. Fig. 6 is avertical central section through the main portion of the machine fromfront to rear on the line 1 1 of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a top plan View ofthe base portion of the machine, all parts above the casting mechanism,including the type-bars and key-board, being removed to expose the partslocated thereunder. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the base portion ofthe machine, the parts adjacent to the casting mechanism beingrepresented in vertical section on the line 3 8 of Figs. 5, 6, and 7.Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the matrix'bars and spacebars as theyappear after the justiiication of the line, the parts being in positionfor the casting operation, together with a sectional representation ofthe clamps by which the bars are confined laterally, and the bar forgaging or determin ing the length of the line. Fig. 10 is a top planview showing the devices for supporting and transferring thespacing-bars, together with various attendant parts. Fig. 11 is asimilar view of the parts as they appear at an intermediate stage in thedistribution of the spacing-bars. Fig. 12 is an end elevation of thesliding head and the levers thereon for adjusting the slides whicheffect the distribution of the space-bars. big. 13 is an elevation,looking against the opposite end of said frame, showing the mechanismfor determining the adjustment of the respective slides by which thedistribution of the space-bars is socured. Fig. 14 is a vertical sectionthrough the middle of the machine from front to rear on the line 1 l ofFigs. 7, S, 10, and 11, showing more particularly the spacebars andtheir attendant parts. Figs. 1.5 and 16 are vertical sections on theline 5 5 of Fig. 8 showing the pawl and attendant devices forcontrolling the movement of the weight by which the spacebars are forcedbetween the matrix bars. Fig. 17 is a vertical cross section through theupper end of one of the space-bars. Figs. 18 and 19 are views ofopposite sides of the space-bar. Fig. 20 is a transverse section on theline 7 7 of Figs. 18 and 19. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the headthrough which the body of the space-bar slides. Fig. 22 is a top planView illustrating the device for assembling the type-bars as they aredelivered from the machine. Fig. 28 is a vertical cross section of thesame on theline 1O 10. Fig. 24 is a perspective view of the improvedaligning device. Fig. 25 is a cross-section of the same. Fig. 26 is aview illustrating the manner in which the controllingcam may be appliedin place of the weight to impart a positive motion to the device bywhich the space-bars are advanced.

Referring to Figs. 1. to 5, B 13 represent the matrix-bars suspendedside by side, each bar provided at its edge with a series of characters,and arranged to descend independently of the others, so that either ofits characters may be brought to the aligning-point, as in the originalmachine.

O are the laterallyacting clamps, between which the matrix-bars areconfined when in action, and by which the length of the line is in partdetermined.

1) is the mold in which the printingbars are formed, having its openside presented toward the matrix bars, so that the selected and alignedcharacters on the latter will teinporarily close its side.

E E represent the tapered space-bars to which the present inventionrelates.

In the normal position of the parts the matrixbars are suspended atuniform heights, with theirlower ends above the mold and above the topsof the space-bars, which latter hang with their narrow ends uppermost,side by side, in a compact group at one side of the machine, out of thepath of the matrix-bars. After the letters or characters to appear inthe line and the places for the intermediate spaces in the line havebeen determined by the operation of the finger-keys, as usual, and whilethe matrix'bars are still in their elevated position, the space-bars areshifted laterally beneath the matrix-bars, as shown in Fig. 2, anddistributed thereunder, so that each space-bar stands below a point atwhich a space is to occur in the line. After this distribution of thespace-bars the matrixbars descend, as usual, to bring their selectedcharacters to the aligningpoint opposite the mold, and in so doing theypass between the space-bars, as shown in Fig. 3. To facilitate thisentrance of the matrix-bars those having the wide ends are beveled orpointed, as shown. After the matrix-bars have reached their operativepositions the spacebars are forced upward positively, simultaneously,and equally, whereby they are caused to force the matrix-bars apartlaterally until they fill out the space allotted for the line, at thesame time separating the matrix-bars between the terminal letters ofwords, so as to produce uniform spacing throughout the line. The partsthus remain until after thecastiug operation is completed when theyassume their original positions.

Having thus explained the general nature of my justifying mechanism, Iwill now explain in detail the construction ofthespace-bars and of thedevices by which they arejustified and operated, premising that allparts of the machine, except the justifying mechanism and other partshereinafter specified, are constructed and arranged to operate in themanner set forth in Patent No. 313,224.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 5, 6, 7, S, and 9, D represents thehorizontal mold, and G the horizontal clamp, which acts on the rear orblank edges of the matrix-bars when they are lowered between the clampand mold, for the purpose of forcing them against the latter. Above themold and clamp, on opposite sides of the space into which the matrixbarsdescend, I place two horizontal parallel rails, H, which are extended atone end beyond the path of the said bars. On and between these rails Isuspend a series of spacebars, E, so that they may be moved laterally.Viewed from the side, each of these bars is of an I form, as seen inFigs. 18 and 19, but viewed from the edge it is of a tapered orwedge-like form, the thin end being uppermost. Each bar has its taperedbody portion a made in a separate piece from its T-shaped head I), andconnected thereto by studs orlips e, on the head, entering an undercutor dovetailed grooved, d, in the body, as in Figs. 17

to 20, so that the body portion may be pushed upward between thematrix-bars while the. head remains upon the supporting-rails H. Aprojection on the side of the body limits its descent and holds itcommonly in suspension from the head, as seen in Figs. 17 and 19. Thehead diminishes laterally in thickness from the lower to the upper end,or, in other words, tapers in the opposite direction from the body, inconsequence of which the outer face of the head and the outer face ofthe body are at all times parallel. This construction avoids theinclination ordeviation from the vertical on the part of the matrix-barswhich would result from the thrusting of the tapered spacebars betweenthem.

The head and body of my bag tapered in opposite directions and arrangedto slide one upon the other, as described, constitutejointly anexpansible spacing device, the operative portion of which is always ofuniform thickness from top to bottom. The lower end of the bar, whichmay be made separate and attached rigidly to the body, as shown, or madeintegral with the body, is widened edgewise in order to co-operate withthe devices for raising and lowering the body, as hereinafter explained.The series ofspace-bars hang normally in their lowermost positionscrowded closely together at the end of the rails H, "as in Figs. 1, 8,and 11. The several bars have their heads made of different widths, andare arranged in the order of such width, the widest at .the side nearestthe matrixbars, as plainly shown in Fig. 11.

In order to move the space-bars laterally and adjust them beneath thematrix-bars, as before explained, I provide a horizontallysliding frame,1, adapted to move on suitable guide beyond the sides of the main frame,and in this sliding frame I mount two rows of horizontal transverseslides, J, the inner ends of those in one row standing opposite those inthe other row, but normally at such distance apart that they may becarried freely past the heads of the space-bars. These slides aredesigned, however, to be moved inward, (such of them as circumstancesmay require,) so that they will, when carried to the left by themovement of the frame I, engage the heads of the space-bars, and carrythe latter before them along the rails and beneath thematriX-bars.

To the end that the space'bars may be moved singly and to differentpoints, the opposing slides are moved inward toward each other differentdistances, the first pair called into use remaining at such distanceapart that they will pass the heads of the narrower bars and engage onlythe last bar having the widest head, the next pair of slides beingadjusted to engage onlythe second bar, and so on successively.

The variation in the approximation of the different slides is plainlyshown in Fig.10, and their action on the successive spacebars isrepresented in Fig. 11.

During the transfer of the space'bars by the slides, and during thedescent of the matrixbars after the spacebars are in position, it isdesirable to lock the space-bars from turning or twisting on the rails.This is accomplished by thrusting all the slides inward to their limitof movement, after they have engaged the space-bars, so that the head ofeach bar will be embraced between two slides on the forward side and twoon the rear side, as seen in Fig. 11. This final inward movement of theslides is effected by means of inclined plates K, attached, as shown inFigs. 10 and 11, to plates Z, herein described, which act against theouter ends of the slides as they are carried to the left by the movementof the supporting-frame I. The first inward movement of the slidesthatis to say, their adjustment to act upon the respective space-barsissecured by means of mechanism connected with a finger-key and with thestop mechanism by which the matrixbars are controlled in their descent.This mechanism I will now describe, reference being had particularly toFigs. 5, 7,8, 10, 11, 12, and 13. Over-lying the frame which carries theslides there is a transverse bar or head, L, arranged to slide onsuitable guides in the same direction that the frame slides, but whollyindependent thereof. Pivoted to the side of the head L are twoelbow-levers, M and M, the inner ends of which are jointed together,

while the outer ends extend downward oppo-- site the outer ends of theslides J, so that whenever the inner ends of the levers are raised theirlower ends will act upon the slides opposite which they chance atthemoment to stand, and urge said slides inward in position to engage thespace-bars, as before explained. The sliding motion of the head fromright to left admits of the levers being brought into position to actupon the successive slides throughout the series. The sliding head isconnected, as hereinafter more fully described, 'by a rigid arm, N, orin any other appropriate manner, as in Figs. 5 and 7, with theadjusting-pin frame of the original machine,whioh frame, it will beremembered, moves to the right step by step as the successivefinger-keys are actuated to designate the characters and spaces. Owingto the connection between them the head L partakes of this movement, sothat as the successive keys are operated to set the stop devices for thesuccessive matrix-bars, the levers M will be presented in position tooperate on the. successive slides J, the pairs of which lattershouldvequal in number the ma triX-loars in the machine. The movement ofthe levers M and M to set the slides inward is effected by means of arod,O, carried by the lower end of an angular lever or levers, P, whichis pivoted to the main frame, and the upper end of which, adjacent tothe key-board, is provided with a finger key or bar,Q, so that everydepression of the finger-key will be followed by the inward movement ofa pair of slides, J. y 1

In order to control the approximation of the different slides for thepurpose before ex- I rendered available for starting the machineplained, I mount centrally on the sliding head L, in such position as tobe carried thereby between the inner ends of the slides, a disk orwheel, R, having its periphery composed of two eccentric portionsdivided into short stops or shoulders, as shown in Fig. 12. \Vhen thelevers act upon the first pair of slides that is to say, those at theleft of the series the eccentric wheel stands in the position shown inFig.5, with its outermost portions opposite the slides, so that theinward movement of the latter is limited by their coming in contact withthe wheel. After the adjust ment of the first pair of slides the wheelis turned slightly, so as to present a smaller diameter between the nextslides, and so on re peatedly, whereby it permits the successive pairsof slides to be moved increasing distanccs. The rotation of the wheelstep by step for this purpose is secured by means of a ratchet-wheel, S,mounted on its axis and actuated by apawl, T, carried by an arm on theaxis of the lever N, as plainly represented in Figs. 12 and 13.

For the purpose of restoring the wheel to its original position at theproper time, its shaft is connected with one end of a coiled spring, U,the opposite end of which is fastened to the supportinghead. To hold thewheel as it is turned step by step, and prevent it from turning backwarduntil the proper time has arrived, a second pawl, V, is arranged toengage the ratchet-wheel, as shown in Fig. 13. After the completion ofthe operation the two pawls are automatically released by means ofbeveled studs \V, secured to the main frame, as seen in Fig. 10, in suchposition as to act upon and raise the two pawls when their carrying-headL is moved to the left to its original position. A slot and pin,as inFig. 12, serve to limit the rotation of the wheel R, which receives inno case more than half a revolution.

The movement of the slide-carrying frame I is effected at the will ofthe operator by means of a hand-lever, X, pivoted to the mainframe andconnected with the sliding frame by means of a link, Y, as shown in Fig.7. In order that this lever may serve the additional purpose of throwinginto gear the clutch by which the machine is driven, after the slidesare in position I connect the link Y with the sliding frame I throughthe medium of a sliding block, 9, which is pivoted to the link arrangedto slide on the frame I, and connected with the latter by springs It. Onmoving the lever to the left the slideg and springs it remain inert andthe frame I is moved to the left. When, however, the frame has reachedits limit of movement, a continued pressure of the lever will overcomethe springs and permit the lever to receive a continuing movementindependent of the frame I, which re mains in the meantine at rest. Thiscontinuing or secondary movement of the lever is by connecting to thelever a link or bar, 2', the opposite end of which will be connectedwith the usual driving-clutch or other starting devices, which may be ofthe same construction as those in the original machine. After the slideshave performed their function-carrying the space-bars to their operativepositionsit is necessary to restore the slides to their originalpositions in their carryingframe preparatory to their use in thejustification of the next line. To this end Iprovide the slides eachwith a transverse notch, 70, as shown in Figs. 5, 10, 11, and 14. In theframe directly over the place occupied by the slides when they are intheir operative positions I suspend two pivoted blades, Z 1, extendingtransversely to the length of the slides, so that as the slides aremoved laterally to place the space-bars in position their notched edgesare carried beneath and into engagement with the lower edges of theblades Z Z, as shown in Fig. 14. The blades are connected by arms 0 o,jointed together, and at the proper time are caused to swing outwardaway from each other, each blade acting to move the corresponding row orseries of slides outward to its original position, as indicated by thedot ted lines in Fig. 1-1. In this way the slides are disengaged fromthe heads of the spacebars, so that the slide-carrying frame may berestored to its original position outside of the main frame. The openingaction of the blades when they are released is secured by means of aspiral spring, 19, as shown in Fig. 14. Their closing action is securedby means of a headed rod, q, extending from one oftheir arms, 0, upwardloosely through an car on the rising and falling head s,'by means ofwhich the matrix-bars are lifted to their normal positions, as in theoriginal machine, this head being the same as that lettered P in Pet entNo. 313,224. At the instant, therefore, that the matrix-bars completetheir rising motion the head s acts through the rod q to set the bladesin position to engage the slides, which are immediately afterwardbrought into position beneath them by the movement of the frame I. Whenthe descent of the head .9 and of the matrix-bars commences, the rod qis released, so that the spring may spread the blades. \Vhen the platesZ are separated to retract the slides J, they carry the plates K upwardin such position as to permit the slides to pass thereby as they aremoved with the frame I.

For the purpose of forcing the space-bars upward after they have beendistributed, I make use ofa heavily-weighted lever, t, mounted in themain frame, and connected at one end by a link, a, or otherwise, with avertically-sliding frame or yoke, 12, lying beneath the space occupiedby the space-bars when the latter are in an operative position, so thatwhen the parts are released the lever will force the yoke upward againstthe lower ends of the space-bars, driving their tapered bodies up wardbetween the matrix-bars, as before explained.

In order to relieve the space-bars from the action of the yoke andlever, to the end that they may descend at the proper time, I mount onthe main shaft of the machine a cam, 10, which acts on a stud or rolleron the lever 13. This cam will also serve to control the movement of thelever when elevating the yoke and space-bars, so as to prevent the shockand strain which would result from a sudden release of thele velz Forthe purpose of drawing the space-bars downward with certainty at theproper time, I provide'a weight, 00, sliding in vertical guidesextending downward from the main clamp G", or from any other suitablepart of the machine. This weight bears upon and is lifted byshoulers orenlargements on the lower ends of the matrix-bars, so that it tendsconstantly to urge them downward. The weight a; and the yoke 12 are bothterminated at one side of the space which the group of type-barsoccupied previous to the commencement of the operation, as shown in Fig.9, in consequence of which the yoke and weight act only upon thosespacebars which are carried over laterally to an operative position,those bars which are not called into use remaining at rest.

In order to insure the entrance of the adjusted or distributedspace-bars at the proper points between the matrix-bars, I find itadvantageous to lift the space-bars into engagement previous to thedescent of the matrixbars; but it is to be understood that this is not anecessary feature. This action is secured by giving the cam to such formthat it will permit the yoke 22 to lift the space-bars slightly at theproper time, the bars being dropped again to their original positionsbefore the matrix-bars complete their descent, in order that the lattermay pass freely to their required positions. When the space-bars arelifted, the frictional engagement of their body portion with the headscamses the heads to be lifted, clear of the sustaining-rails H, so thatthe bars may move edgewise with-the matrixbars toward the face of themold when the clamp G is brought into action against the rear edges. Therising motion of the heads, which is very slight, is limited by rods orequivalent stops, y, as shown in Fig. 6. In order to lock the weightedlever and hold the yoke 12 positively in its depressed position duringthe time that it is not required for use, I pivot to the yoke a pawl,2:, arranged to engage with a toothed bar, a, extending downward fromthe main clamp G. As the yoke descends, this pawl slides over andengages with the toothed bar.

In order to release the pawl at the proper time, it is provided on oneside with a pin, 1), which enters a vertical groove in the edge of thefixed bar 0', located adjacent thereto. \Vhen, therefore, the clamp ismoved forward toward the matrix-bars previous to the completion of thecasting operation, the bar 0 disengages the pawl, leaving the yoke andweighted lever free to rise and actuate the space-bars.

As the attendant is liable to commit an error by striking the space-keyand adjusting the slides J at an improper time, provision must be madefor correcting such error. This provision consists simply of twoinclined blocks, 01, attached to the guides or ways on which theslide-carrying frame I is moved, as plainly represented in Figs. 7, 10,and 11. If it be found that improper slides have been adjusted, theoperator has only to throw the lever X to the right beyond its normalposition, thereby moving the frame I to the right, and causing the innerends of the slides J to be carried over the inclined faces of the blocksd d, which have the effect of forcing tnem all outward to their originalpositions, so that the operation may be commenced anew.

After the casting operation is completed and the matrix-bars elevated,it is necessary to restore the space-bars laterally to their originalposition preparatory to the commencement of the next line. This isaccomplished by means of horizontal rods e,connected to a hand-lever, f,on the left of the machine. WVhen this lever is moved to the right, therods push the space-bars before them to the normal position.

As shown in Figs. 6, 8, 211M114, the bladesl Z have their shafts or axesprovided with upwardly extending arms m m, carrying, respectively, atthe upper ends parallel plates n n, which extend transversely acrossopposite edges of the matrix-bars. The arms mm are crossed, as shown, sothat as the bladesl Z are separated to retract the slides the plates n nare approximated so as to bear edgewise on the matrix-bars and bring thelatter in line,

so that they may descend easily and without bindingbetween theguide-rails H and between the mold and clamp. It is to be understood,however, that the plates at n are not a necessary feature of themachine, and that they may be omitted or replaced by other deviceshaving a like function.

It is to be particularly understood that in my machine the severalspace-bars are actuated positively and simultaneously, and to preciselythe same extent, so that a uniformity of spacing in the line necessarilyfollows. In this regard my construction is far superior to one in whichthe space-bars are caused or permitted to move independently.

Passing now to the second feature of the invention-the means for'closingthe moldattention is directed to Figs. 6 and 7. As shown in' Fig. 6, themold consists, as in Patent No. 313,224, of two horizontally-movablesections, one overlying the other in such manner that they may beseparated endwise to permit the delivery of the completed bar.

In operating the mold, it is foundin practice by the heat. To avoid thisdifficulty,I provide means whereby the two parts may be pressed togethervertically when in operative position, but relieved from such pressurewhen the mold is to be opened. These pressure devices may be modified inform and arrangement; but I recommend asa simple and satisfactory meansfor the purpose a lever, 12, pivoted to the main frame or other suitablepart of the machine, and arranged to act at one end on top of the mold,as plainly shown in Figs. 6 and 7, its opposite end being elevated atthe proper time by a bar, q, attached to the rear side of the rockingmelting-pot 1', which is pivoted at s, as in the original machine. Aspring, t, is attached to the under side of the lever to bear on theoperating-arm, as shown in Fig. 6. Vhen the pot tips forward to presentits m outh against the mold, motion is transmitted through the spring tothe lever, and thus the two parts of the mold forced tightly together.

Another feature of my invention relates to improvements in devices foradjusting the matrix'bars to bring the required characters in accuratealignment. I11 practice it has been found that after the stop deviceshave acted to align the characters it is desirable to make use ofspecial mechanism to insure a very accurate adjustment of the alignedcharacters. For this purpose I use, as in the original machine, analigning device extending across the entire series of bars and enteringnotches in their rear edges; but instead of using a single blade, as inthe original machine, I employ two cooperating blades, a and v, lyinghorizontally in the main clamp G, as plainly shown in Figs. 6, 7, 14,24, and 25. The two blades are hinged together, and are movable forwardand backward in the clamp, so that they may be projected beyond its faceto enter the notches in the bars, as in Fig. 25, or retracted, as inFig. 14, to permit free vertical movement of the bars. The forward andbackward movement of the blades is effected by passing the lower blade,a, loosely through a rock shaft, x, and connecting therewith springs y,which urge the blade forward, and by a vertically-reciprocating bar, 5,which plays through a slot in the rock-shaft, and which has its upperend beveled to retract the blade. Vhen the bar 2 is depressed, theblades are thrown forward by the springs to engage the matrix-bars, butthe elevation of 2 draws the blades out of engagement. The rock-shaft isprovided, as shown in Figs. 8 and 24, with a depending arm, .10 havingin the lower end an inclined surface, at", acted upon at the proper timeby the lever .r,which operates one of the matrix-bar clamps G and one ofthe moldsections, as in the original machine. As the lever x closes theclamp and mold, it strikes the inclined surface at" and causes therock-shaft to tip the forward edge of the plate a upward toward itscompanion a, which latter is prevented from rising by reason of itssolid bearing against the clamp G. As the two plates are engaged indifferent notches of the matrix -bars when thus closed together, itfollows that they will clamp the intervening portions of the barsbetween them, thus bringing the notches, and consequently the characterson all the bars, into accurate alignment. The bar 2' for retracting theblades is pivotally connected to an operating-arm, a attached to theshaft of the lever :20, before alluded to, whereby the blades arepermitted to advance and engage the matrixbars before they are closedtogether.

In practice it is usually desirable to adjust the machine for thecasting of bars of uniform length. As the mold is susceptible of beingclosed to produce shorter bars, and as the mold-operating devices areconnected with the driving devices, as in the original machine, bysprings which tend to close the mold beyond the proper point, it isdesirable to provide a positive means for stopping the clamps and themold whenever they reach the predetermined position. This positivestoppage is advantageous in that it insures a line of proper length, andalso in that it relieves the matrix-bars from the possibility ofreceiving lateral pressure, such as to prevent spacingbars from beingforced upward between them. WVhile it is not absolutely necessary so todo, I prefer to advance the clamps toward the matrix-bars previous tothe ascent of the spacing-bars, so that when the latter are elevatedthey will spread the matrix-bars firmly against the clamps, and in theaccompanying drawings I have-shown the parts constructed and timed tothis end. The gage or clamp-arresting device which I prefer to employ isrepresented in Figs 6, 7, 8, and 14. The laterallyacting clamp O isprovided with a horizontal bar, b", seated in a slot therein andprojecting beyond the same toward the opposite clamp a distance equal tothe length of the required line, in such position that as the clamps arebrought together to act on the matrix-bars and close the mold the end ofthe bar I)" will strike the clamp O and thus limit the approximation ofthe two clamps.

In order to admit of the clamps acting to confine the matrix-barsclosely, should it happen from any reason that their aggregate width isinsufiicient to produce a line of full width, I connect the gage-bar bto the clamp by means of alocking-pin, 0 held in engagement by a spring,d, and on the rock-shaft which closes the clamp G,I pivot a trip-lever,0 As the clamp G completes its inward movement, the trip device actingagainst the beveled head of the pin 0', lifts the same out ofengagement, leaving the gage-bar free to yield.

The bars produced by this machine are used by assembling them in theorder of their production, side by side, to constitute a solid form. Inow provide the machine with automatic means for assembling the bars, asshown in Figs. 8 and 22. At one side of the frame I arrange an inclinedtable or galley, g having a flange or rail at the lower edge. Above thistable I fix a chute, h usually of a single piece of sheet metal. Theupper end of this chute lies immediately beneath the point at which themold delivers the completed bar, and it is of such form as to allow thebar to fall sidewise thereon. Toward its lower end the chute isdiminished in width and increased in height, its inner surface beinggiven a spiral or twisting form, so that as the bars slide downwardtherein by gravity they are turned so as to present their printing-edgesuppermost and delivered in this position endwise upon the galley. On thegalley I place a reciprocating head or pressure device, '5 actuated by apitman, j, carried at one end by an eccentric or crank, k", secured toan extension of the main shaft. In advanceof the pressure device Iarrange a yielding head or support, Z As the bars descend in successionfrom the chute, they are forced forward one after another toward thesupport Z which is gradually advanced as the bars accumulate behind it.The head i retreats at each movement a sufficient distance to permit thenext bar to enter be- I tween it and the bar last added to the form.

Operation: The various parts stand normally in the position shown inFig. 8. The mold and the clamps being open, the matrixbars are elevated,the space-bars assembled in a group at one side, and the aligning-platesretracted. The operator depresses in proper succession the keysdesignating the characters which are to appear in the line in preciselythe same manner as in my original machine. The operation of thefinger-keys is also followed by the lateral movement of theadjusting-pin frame step by step, in the original manner, and this inturn carries the head L, with its levers M and M, to the right past thesuccessive slides J. When,therefore,thespacekey is operated, thecorresponding slides, J, are thrust inward successively differentdistances, the motion being limited by wheel B. At the completion of theline the hand-lever X is operated and the frame, with adjusted slidestherein, carried to the left, so that the slides take up and distributethe spacing-bars, at the same time engaging beneath the plates Z l,which subsequently effect their retraction. The machine is now started.The spacebars rise slightly to enter between the ma triX-bars, whichlatter then descend to their operative positions, the space-bars beingat the same time dropped to their original places. The slides J are nowretracted and disengaged from the space-bars and returned to theiroriginal positions outside of the frame by the movement of theircarrying-frame. At or about this time the lateral clamps O C are closedto the proper places, their movement being limited by the gage-bar, andabout the same time, or immediately thereafter, the spacebars ascend inunison, thus completing thejustification of the line. The castingoperation is now performed in the original manner, after which theclamps release the bars, the spacebars descend, the matrix-bars areelevated, and finally the space-bars moved to the right and grouped intheir original positions.

WVhile I prefer to have the slides J move horizontally to engage theheads of the matrixbars, it is manifest that they would operate with thesame effect if arranged to slide vertically, and this change may bemade, if desired, the operating-levers and other parts being variedinposition to correspond.

\Vhile I have shown my invention in connection with a machine having thereciprocating matrix-bars, it is to be understood that it is applicablein the same manner and wlth the same effect in a machine havingdisconnected dies and mechanism to assemble'them in line, as representedin my application for Letters Patent of the United States filed on the21st day of October, 1884, No. 146,128.

In place of the weighted lever to advance the space-bars I may employ alever operated,

as in Fig. 26, by the controllingcam, which will be grooved to receive astud or roller on the side of the lever. WVhen this device is used, thelever and space-bars will be moved in apositive manner. As the throw ofthe cam is invariable, but the distance to which the space-bars must beadvanced is variable, I connect the lever with the head 1) for liftingthe space-bars by means of an intermediate rod and spiral spring, asshown in Fig. 26, or by other yielding connection the cam will impart tothe lever a motion sufficient to carry the space-bars to the limit ofmovement required. In the event of their being required to move but ashort distance they will wedge fast between the matrix-bars and ceasetheir motion, whereupon the spring will yield to permit the continuedmotion of.the lever and cam.

It is to be understood that whether the weight or the spring be employedto operate the space-bars they will exert sufficient force to advancethe bars tightly to their places under the conditions encountered inpractice, so that the bars are, in fact, operated with a positivemotion.

I believe myself to be the first to operate a series of space-bars inunison, and to force them forward until they have spread a line ofmatrices or dies tightly between the confining-clamps or other confiningdevice; and it is to be distinctly understood that my in- IIO vention isnot limited to the precise details of I20 or enlargements to co-operatewith lifting mechanism.

2. In an organized machine for producing type surfaces or matricestherefor, the combination, substantially as described, of a line ofmatrices or dies, a series of independent spacebars mounted on rails orguides and movable thereon laterally across the entire field of thematrices that they may be brought opposite the desired point in the lineof matrices, and also movable longitudinally that they may be thrustinto the line between the matrices.

3. The expansible spacing bar or quad consisting of the two taperedparts connected and arranged to slide one upon the other, one of saidparts being provided with shoulders by which to suspend the bar,substantially as described and shown.

4. A line of matrices or dies, in combination with a series of taperedspace-bars, and guiderails adapted to permit the latter to be moved bothlaterally and longitudinally. wherebythe bars maybe first broughtopposite the desired points in the lines, and then thrust between thematrices to spread or separate them.

5. In combination with a line of matrices, adjacent guides extendinglengthwise of and beyond the line of matrices, and a series of taperedspace-bars suspended freely upon and between the guides, whereby thespacebars are permitted to pass beyond the field occupied by thematrices, or to be inserted between the matrices at any desired point orpoints in the line.

6. In combination with the pendent matrixbars having a rising andfalling motion, the guide-rails H, lying beneath and extended beyond thebars in position to admit the latter between them, and thetwo-part-spacebars suspended uponand between the rails, as described andshown.

7. The pendent vertically-moving matrixbars, in combination with therails H, the twopart space-bars suspended on said rails, and stops 3 tolimit the rising motion of the heads of the bars while permitting theirbody portions to be thrust forward between the ma trices.

8. A line of matrices or dies, and clamps or stop devices to limit thelateral separation of the matrices, in combination with a series oftapered space-bars to effect the separation of the matrices, a weight,and a pressure-head connected to said weight and arranged to advance thespace-bars simultaneously between the matrices, whereby the line ofmatrices is automatically expanded to the limit permitted by the clamps.

9. The combination, substantially as described and shown, of a series ofmatrices or dies, the series of space-bars, and the laterally-movableframe I, provided with adjustable slides J to effect the distribution ofthe spacebars.

10. The series of space-bars differing in width, in combination with thesliding frame I, the slides J in said frame to distribute thespace-bars, the laterally-movablehead L, pro vided with devices toadjust the slides J, and

the finger-key connected by devices, substantially as described, withsaid adjusting de vices, whereby the operation of the fingerkey iscaused to effect the adjustment of the slides.

11.. in combination with the slides J and the adjusting levers M M, theeccentric wheel R. operating in connection therewith to limit themovement of the slides, whereby the successive bars or slides areadjusted to engage the successive space-bars.

12. In combination with the laterally-movable space-bars, the slidingframe I, its slides J, adjustable to engage the successive spacebars,and the inclined plates K, by which the slides are forced inward alterthe engagement with the space-bars, whereby the space-bars arelockcdbetween the slides and prevented from turning or twisting.

13. In combination with the distributingslides J, mounted in frame I,the inclined blocks (6 d, whereby all the slides may be restored totheir normal positions for the cor rection of errors.

14. The combination of a line of matrices or dies, automatic clampsmovable into and out of position tolimitthe expansion of the matrixline,an operating device common to the series of space-bars. andmechanism,substantiallyas described, for actuating the same subsequentto the adjustment of the clamp.

15. The combi uation,substantially as shown, of a line of matrices ordies, a series of spacebars arranged in a single line, guides or railswhereby said bars are sustained, and whereon they are movable laterallywithin or beyond the field of the matrices, and a pressure device, D,adapted to engage only those spacebars which are brought for the timebeing within the field of the matrices,wherebythose space-bars which arenot called into use are permitted to remain at rest unaffected by thepressure device.

16. The combination of rails or guides, ascries of matrices or dies, andaseries of tapered space-bars provided with suspending shoulders andarranged to hang upon the rails between the matrices, their lower endsprojecting below the matrices that they may be acted upon by a pressuredevice thereunder.

17. In an automatic machine for producing type-surfaces ormatrix-impressions therefor, the combination of a series of dies ormatrices adapted to beasscmbledin line, clamps to contine the line ofdies and limit its elongation, operating mechanism, substantially asdescribed, acting to ad vancesaid clamps to their operative positionsand to retract them clear of the matrices, and automatic mechanism,substantially as described, acting to advance the space-bars while theclamps are in operative position.

18. In combination with the eccentric wheel R, mounted on the movablehead, the spring to turn the same in a backward direction, theratchet'wheel and pawls to eiiect its forward rotation, and the studsfor automatically re- IIO leasing the pawls, whereby the wheel ispermitted to resume its original position.

19. In combination with the movable spacebars, the frame I and itsslides J for distributing the space-bars, the movable blades Z Z,whereby the slides are retracted and disengaged from the space-bars.

' 20. In an organized machine substantially such as herein described,the blades. Z1 for effecting the retraction of the slides J, incombinationwith the spring. to operate said blades, and the rod q,connecting the blades with the head 8, by which the matrix-bars arelifted, wherebythe slides J are automatically disconnected from thespace'bars as the matrix-bars commence their descent between thespacebars.

21. In combination with the slides J for distributing the spacebars, theblades Z l to effect the retraction of the slides, and the plates at a,connected with the blades and arranged to guide the matrix-bars in theirdescent.

22. The series of longitudinallymovable spacebars, in combination withthe pressurehead 1), the weighted lever to actuate said head, and theratchet mechanism to lock said head in its depressed position.

23. In combination with the matrix-bars, the space-bars, and thelifting-head for the space-bars actuated by a weight, the ratchetmechanism to lock the head in its depressed position, and an arm, 0, todisconnect the ratchet mechanism, whereby the pressurehead isautomatically released at the proper time to actuate the space-bars.

24. The combination of the space-bars, the pressure-head acting thereon,the weighted lever to actuate the head, and the cam to control themovement of said lever.

25. In combination with matrixloars, fingerkeys, and intermediate stopmechanism, embracing an adjustingpin frame movable step by step, as setforth in Patent No. 313,224., a

.series of laterally-movable space-bars, the

laterally-movable frame provided with adjustable slides to distributethe space-bars, a slide-adjusting mechanism, substantially as described,partaking of the movement of the adjusting-pin frame, and a finger-keyconnected with said slide-adjusting mechanism, substantially'asdescribed, whereby the operation of said finger-key is caused to adjustthe appropriate slides for placing a space-bar opposite the requiredpoint in the line of matrices.

26. In combination with a series of aligned matrices or type, a seriesof independent tapered space-bars arranged for motion in the directionof their length, mechanism, substantially as described, for distributingsaid spacebars adjacent to the matrices, and mechanism, substantially asdescribed, for restoring the space-bars laterally to their originalpositions.

27. In combination with the'matrix-bars and the laterally-confiningclamps O G, the gage-bar B acting to limit the approximation of theclamps.

28. In combination with the matrices or dies and the lateral clamps O O,the gage-bar b the locking device 0*, connecting said bar with theclamp, and the trip device 6 whereby the locking device is automaticallydisengaged to release the gage-bar when required.

29. The divided separable mold, combined with the pressure-lever, and amovable melting-pot arranged to operate said lever.

30. The divided separable mold, in combination with the yielding device10.

31; In combination with the matrix-bars having notches therein, theclamp G, and the aligning device consisting of the two blades movable toand from each other, and also movable forward and backward with respectto the clamp and matrix-bars. I

32. The notched matrix-bars, in combination with the two aligning bladeshinged together, the rook-shaft wherein one of said blades is movable,the mechanism for rocking said shaft, and the mechanism for effectingthe forward and backward movement of the blades.

33. In combination with the aligning blades hinged together asdescribed, the rock-shaft provided with a depending arm, theclampoperating lever 00", to actuate said arm, the springs to advancethe blades, and the beveled bar z to effect their retraction, said baralso connected, as described, with the lever 00*.

34. The lever X, connected with the starting-clutch, in combination withthe sliding frame I and the spring-connection between ICO said frame andlever, whereby the lever is enabled to first move the frame andsubsequently operate the clutch to effect the startingof the machine. Y

35. In a mechanism for casting bars bearing a plurality of characters,the combination of a mold to receive molten or like material, a seriesof independently-movable matrices adapted for presentation to said mold,and a series of spacing devices adapted for application to the moldbetween the characters for the twofold purpose of maintaining theirseparation and of closing the mold between them to prevent the escape ofthe metal therefrom.

36. In a machine for casting type-bars, and

in combination with the mold for said bars, a

series of independent matrices adapted for alignment in front of andagainst the mold, and a series of expansible spacing devices,substantially as described, adapted to serve the twofold purpose ofmaintaining the separation between the matrices and of closing the faceof the mold.

37. In combination with a mold and a series of independent matricesadapted for presentation in series to the mold, the adjustable spacingdevices, each consisting of two wedgelike parts constructed and arrangedto present to the mold smooth unbroken surfaces above the level of thecharacters in the mamy hand, this 7th day of April, 1885, in the trices,whereby they are adapted to maintain presence of two attestingWitnesses. the separation of the matrices, to prevent the r ,T 4 escapeof metal from the mold, and to form OTTMAR MERGEATHALER' 5 depressionsin the resulting castbetween its \Vitnesses: v

characters or words. MILTON WHITE JOHNSON,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ABNER GREENLEAF.

